X402 Browser Automation Agent on Solana

Table of Contents

  • Introduction

  • Getting Started

  • Architecture Overview

  • Core Components

  • Setting Up the Environment

  • API Integration

  • Real-time Browser Automation

  • AI Analysis System

  • Solana Integration

  • Advanced Usage Patterns

  • Security Considerations

  • Troubleshooting

  • Contributing

  • API Reference

Introduction

The X402 Browser Automation Agent represents a breakthrough in blockchain automation tooling, specifically designed for the Solana ecosystem. This GitBook documents the full-stack application we've built that leverages AI capabilities to automate browser interactions with Solana dApps, wallets, and other web interfaces.

What is X402?

X402 is our codename for the comprehensive browser automation framework that combines:

  • Multi-model AI reasoning from leading providers

  • Browser automation capabilities through BrowserUse and Browserbase

  • Blockchain-specific adaptations for the Solana ecosystem

  • Real-time monitoring and control systems

The platform enables developers and users to create, monitor, and manage automated browser tasks for interacting with Solana's ecosystem through an intuitive interface with real-time feedback and AI-powered analysis.

Key Features

  • 🔗 Solana Ecosystem Integration - Specialized task templates for Solana dApps and wallets

  • 🤖 Browser Automation - Create and manage browser automation tasks with BrowserUse and Browserbase

  • 🧠 Multi-model AI Integration - Leverage models from OpenAI, Anthropic, xAI/Grok, and others

  • 🔄 Real-Time Streaming - Live monitoring of browser sessions with WebSocket integration

  • 🔍 Visual Analysis - AI-powered understanding of on-screen content

  • 📊 Task Management - Create, monitor, and control browser automation tasks

  • 🛡️ Security-focused Design - Built with blockchain security considerations

Getting Started

Prerequisites

Before you begin using the X402 Browser Automation Agent, ensure you have:

  • Node.js (v16 or later)

  • npm or yarn package manager

  • Access to required API keys:

    • OpenAI, xAI/Grok, Anthropic, or OpenRouter

    • BrowserUse and Browserbase

  • Solana development environment (optional for custom integration)

Installation

  1. Clone the repository:

    bashgit clone https://github.com/your-org/x402-browser-automation-agent.gitcd x402-browser-automation-agent

  2. Install server dependencies:

    bashnpm install

  3. Install client dependencies:

    bashcd clientnpm installcd ..

  4. Create a .env file with your configuration:

    PORT=5000NODE_ENV=developmentJWT_SECRET=your_jwt_secret_hereOPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_hereXAI_API_KEY=your_xai_api_key_hereANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your_anthropic_api_key_hereOPENROUTER_API_KEY=your_openrouter_api_key_hereBROWSERUSE_API_KEY=your_browseruse_api_key_hereBROWSERBASE_API_KEY=your_browserbase_api_key_hereBROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID=your_browserbase_project_id_hereSOLANA_RPC_URL=your_solana_rpc_url_here

  5. Start the development server:

    bashnpm run dev-full

  6. Open your browser and navigate to http://localhost:3000

Architecture Overview

The X402 Browser Automation Agent follows a layered architecture designed for robustness and extensibility:

System Layers

  1. User Interface Layer - React-based frontend with real-time components

  2. API Layer - Express server exposing RESTful endpoints and WebSocket connections

  3. Service Layer - Core business logic and integration with external services

  4. Automation Layer - Browser automation execution engines

  5. Blockchain Layer - Solana network interaction components

Communication Flow

┌─────────────────┐         ┌─────────────────┐         ┌─────────────────┐│                 │         │                 │         │                 ││  User Interface │◄───────►│   API Gateway   │◄───────►│  Service Layer  ││                 │         │                 │         │                 │└─────────────────┘         └─────────────────┘         └────────┬────────┘                                                                 │                                                                 ▼                                                        ┌─────────────────┐                                                        │                 │                                                        │ Automation Layer│                                                        │                 │                                                        └────────┬────────┘                                                                 │                                                                 ▼                                                        ┌─────────────────┐                                                        │                 │                                                        │Blockchain Layer │                                                        │                 │                                                        └─────────────────┘

Real-time Infrastructure

The system implements a dual-protocol communication approach:

  • RESTful API - For standard CRUD operations and configuration

  • WebSockets - For real-time streaming of browser sessions and AI analysis

This architecture ensures low-latency feedback critical for browser automation tasks while maintaining compatibility with standard web development patterns.

Core Components

1. Browser Automation Engine

The browser automation engine is built on two powerful systems:

  • BrowserUse API: Provides AI-driven browser automation with built-in reasoning capabilities

  • Browserbase Integration: Offers additional capabilities for browser session management and interaction

These components work together to enable a range of automation scenarios from simple navigation to complex multi-step transactions on Solana dApps.

2. AI Analysis System

The AI analysis system leverages multiple models to provide:

  • Visual Understanding: Captures and analyzes screenshots to understand on-screen content

  • Decision Making: Determines the next steps based on visual context and task goals

  • Error Recovery: Identifies and recovers from unexpected states during automation

The system supports models from:

  • OpenAI (GPT-4o, GPT-4.1)

  • Anthropic (Claude 3.7 Sonnet)

  • xAI/Grok (Grok-1, Grok-2 Vision)

  • Gemini models (via OpenRouter)

3. Task Management System

The task management system enables you to:

  • Create templated or custom automation tasks

  • Monitor task execution in real-time

  • Manage the lifecycle of automation jobs

  • Store and analyze task results

4. Solana Integration Layer

The Solana integration layer provides specialized components for interacting with:

  • Solana wallets (Phantom, Solflare, etc.)

  • DeFi platforms (Raydium, Orca, Jupiter, etc.)

  • NFT marketplaces (Magic Eden, Tensor, etc.)

  • Custom Solana dApps

Setting Up the Environment

Configuring API Keys

To use the X402 Browser Automation Agent, you'll need to configure your API keys in the Settings page:

  1. AI Provider Keys:

    • OpenAI: Required for GPT-4o and GPT-4.1 models

    • xAI: Required for Grok models, especially for vision capabilities

    • Anthropic: Required for Claude models

    • OpenRouter: Optional, provides access to multiple models through one API

  2. Browser Automation Keys:

    • BrowserUse: Primary automation service for AI-driven browser tasks

    • Browserbase: Secondary service for specific browser capabilities

  3. Solana Configuration:

    • RPC URL: Your Solana RPC endpoint for blockchain interactions

    • (Optional) Private keys for testing wallets

Environment Variables

For production deployments, ensure these environment variables are properly configured:

# Server ConfigurationPORT=5000NODE_ENV=productionJWT_SECRET=secure_random_string# API KeysOPENAI_API_KEY=sk-...XAI_API_KEY=xai-...ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=sk-ant-...OPENROUTER_API_KEY=sk-or-...BROWSERUSE_API_KEY=bu-...BROWSERBASE_API_KEY=bb-...BROWSERBASE_PROJECT_ID=proj_...# Solana ConfigurationSOLANA_RPC_URL=https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.comSOLANA_WALLET_PRIVATE_KEY=optional_testing_wallet# SecurityRATE_LIMIT_WINDOW_MS=900000RATE_LIMIT_MAX=100

API Integration

BrowserUse API

The BrowserUse API enables AI-driven browser automation with a focus on natural language instructions.

Creating a Task

javascriptconst createTask = async (taskDescription, options) => {  const response = await axios.post('/api/browser/browseruse/tasks', {    task: taskDescription,    save_browser_data: options.saveBrowserData || false,    llm_model: options.model || 'gpt-4o',    use_adblock: options.useAdblock !== false,    use_proxy: options.useProxy !== false,    structured_output_json: options.structuredOutput  });    return response.data;};

Solana-specific Task Templates

For common Solana operations, we've created template tasks:

javascript// Connect to Phantom walletconst connectPhantomTask = 'Go to phantom.app, click "Connect Wallet", and approve the connection request';// Swap on Jupiterconst jupiterSwapTask = 'Go to jup.ag, connect Phantom wallet, swap 0.1 SOL for USDC with default settings';// Mint NFT on Magic Edenconst magicEdenMintTask = 'Go to magiceden.io, navigate to the specified collection, connect wallet, and mint one NFT';

Real-time Streaming

WebSocket integration enables real-time monitoring of browser sessions:

javascript// Client-side code to start streaming a browser sessionconst startStream = (taskId) => {  const socket = io();    socket.emit('startBrowserUseStream', { taskId });    socket.on('browserUseFrame', (data) => {    // Update the UI with the latest browser frame    updateLiveView(data.frame);  });    socket.on('browserUseEvent', (data) => {    // Handle browser events (navigation, clicks, etc.)    logBrowserEvent(data.event);  });    return socket; // Return socket for later cleanup};

Real-time Browser Automation

Live View Component

The Live View component is essential for monitoring automation tasks in real-time:

jsx<LiveView   ref={liveViewRef}  liveUrl={task?.live_url}  isRunning={task?.status === 'running'}  streamActive={streamActive}/>

This component supports both:

  • Iframe embedding - For interactive control of browser sessions

  • Frame-by-frame streaming - For efficient monitoring on limited bandwidth

Controlling Automation Tasks

Tasks can be controlled in real-time through the API:

javascript// Pause a running taskconst pauseTask = async (taskId) => {  await axios.put(`/api/browser/browseruse/tasks/${taskId}/pause`);  // Update UI to reflect paused state};// Resume a paused taskconst resumeTask = async (taskId) => {  await axios.put(`/api/browser/browseruse/tasks/${taskId}/resume`);  // Update UI to reflect running state};// Stop a task completelyconst stopTask = async (taskId) => {  await axios.put(`/api/browser/browseruse/tasks/${taskId}/stop`);  // Update UI to reflect stopped state};

Human-in-the-Loop Interventions

For complex Solana operations, the system supports human intervention when needed:

javascript// Temporary pause for human verification of a transactionconst requestHumanVerification = async (taskId, message) => {  // Pause the task  await pauseTask(taskId);    // Show verification prompt to the user  const verified = await showVerificationPrompt(message);    if (verified) {    // Resume the task after verification    await resumeTask(taskId);    return true;  }    return false;};

AI Analysis System

Vision Understanding

The X402 platform leverages Grok's vision capabilities to analyze browser content:

javascript// Analyze a screenshot with Grok visionconst analyzeScreenshot = async (imageBase64) => {  const analysis = await streamAIAnalysisService({    imageBase64,    analysisType: 'element-detection',    onToken: (token) => {      // Handle streaming tokens for real-time analysis    }  });    return analysis;};

The analysis system can identify:

  • UI elements like buttons, forms, and navigation

  • Solana wallet addresses and transaction details

  • Error messages and confirmation dialogs

  • dApp-specific elements and states

AI Model Selection

Multiple AI models can be used depending on the task requirements:

javascript// Configure the task with the appropriate modelconst createOptimizedTask = (description, complexity) => {  let model;    switch (complexity) {    case 'high':      // Use most capable models for complex Solana transactions      model = 'gpt-4o';      break;    case 'medium':      // Use balanced models for standard operations      model = 'claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219';      break;    case 'low':      // Use efficient models for simple tasks      model = 'gpt-4o-mini';      break;    default:      model = 'gpt-4o';  }    return {    task: description,    llm_model: model,    // Other configuration...  };};

Solana Integration

Wallet Interaction Automation

The X402 platform includes specialized functions for interacting with Solana wallets:

javascript// Template for connecting to popular Solana walletsconst connectWalletTemplate = (walletType) => {  const walletInstructions = {    phantom: 'Go to phantom.app, click Connect, and approve the connection',    solflare: 'Go to solflare.com, click Connect Wallet, and approve the connection',    backpack: 'Open the Backpack extension, click Connect, and approve the connection',  };    return walletInstructions[walletType.toLowerCase()] ||     'Connect to the wallet by finding and clicking the connect button, then approve the connection';};

Transaction Verification

For added security when automating transactions, the system includes verification capabilities:

javascript// Verify Solana transaction details before confirmingconst verifyTransactionTask = `  Analyze the transaction confirmation screen.  Verify these specific details:  1. Recipient address matches: ${expectedRecipient}  2. Amount being sent is exactly: ${expectedAmount} SOL  3. Network fee is less than 0.00001 SOL    Only click Confirm if ALL these conditions are met.  Otherwise, click Cancel.`;

dApp Integration Templates

Common Solana dApp interactions have been templatized for easy use:

javascript// Jupiter Aggregator swap templateconst jupiterSwapTemplate = (fromToken, toToken, amount) => `  Go to jup.ag  Connect Phantom wallet if prompted  Select ${fromToken} as the source token  Select ${toToken} as the destination token  Enter ${amount} as the amount to swap  Click "Swap"  Confirm the transaction in the wallet popup  Wait for the transaction to complete  Verify the new balance shows the received ${toToken}`;// NFT mint template for Magic Edenconst magicEdenMintTemplate = (collectionUrl) => `  Go to ${collectionUrl}  Connect Phantom wallet when prompted  Click on the "Mint" or "Buy" button  Set quantity to 1 if prompted  Confirm the transaction in the wallet popup  Wait for the transaction to complete  Verify the NFT appears in the "My Items" section`;

Advanced Usage Patterns

Task Chaining

Complex workflows can be created by chaining multiple tasks:

javascript// Chain multiple tasks for a complete DeFi operationconst defiWorkflow = async () => {  // Step 1: Connect wallet  const connectTask = await createTask(connectWalletTemplate('phantom'), { model: 'gpt-4o-mini' });  await waitForTaskCompletion(connectTask.id);    // Step 2: Swap tokens on Jupiter  const swapTask = await createTask(jupiterSwapTemplate('SOL', 'USDC', '0.1'), {     model: 'gpt-4o',    saveBrowserData: true // Maintain browser state between tasks  });  await waitForTaskCompletion(swapTask.id);    // Step 3: Stake tokens on Marinade  const stakeTask = await createTask(marinadeStakeTemplate('10', 'USDC'), {    model: 'gpt-4o',    saveBrowserData: true  });  await waitForTaskCompletion(stakeTask.id);    return {    connected: true,    swapped: true,    staked: true  };};

Scheduled Automation

Tasks can be scheduled to run at specific intervals:

javascript// Schedule a daily portfolio checkconst schedulePortfolioCheck = (walletAddress, scheduleCron) => {  const taskTemplate = `    Go to https://step.finance    Connect Phantom wallet    Check the total portfolio value    Take note of any tokens that have changed by more than 5% in the last 24 hours    Return a summary of the portfolio status  `;    // Schedule the task using a cron expression  scheduler.scheduleTask(taskTemplate, {    cronExpression: scheduleCron || '0 9 * * *', // Default: 9 AM daily    model: 'gpt-4o-mini',    structuredOutput: JSON.stringify({      type: 'object',      properties: {        totalValue: { type: 'number' },        significantChanges: { type: 'array' },        topHoldings: { type: 'array' }      }    })  });};

Parallel Execution

Multiple tasks can be executed in parallel for efficiency:

javascript// Monitor multiple Solana protocols simultaneouslyconst monitorDefiProtocols = async (protocols) => {  // Create monitoring tasks for each protocol  const monitoringTasks = protocols.map(protocol =>     createTask(`Go to ${protocol.url}, check current TVL and APY rates, return the values`, {      model: 'gpt-4o-mini'    })  );    // Execute all tasks in parallel  const results = await Promise.all(    monitoringTasks.map(task => waitForTaskCompletion(task.id))  );    // Compile results from all protocols  return results.map((result, index) => ({    protocol: protocols[index].name,    data: result.output  }));};

Security Considerations

Wallet Protection

When automating tasks that interact with Solana wallets:

  1. Transaction Limits: Implement maximum transaction amount limits

  2. Allowlisting: Restrict automation to specific pre-approved dApps

  3. Verification Steps: Add human verification for high-value transactions

  4. Signature Protection: Never store private keys in the browser automation environment

Example implementation:

javascript// Transaction safety verificationconst isSafeTransaction = (transaction, safetyRules) => {  // Verify destination is in allowlist  if (safetyRules.destinationAllowlist &&       !safetyRules.destinationAllowlist.includes(transaction.destination)) {    return false;  }    // Verify amount is below maximum  if (safetyRules.maxAmount &&       parseFloat(transaction.amount) > safetyRules.maxAmount) {    return false;  }    // Additional safety checks...    return true;};

API Key Security

Protect your API keys with these measures:

  1. Store API keys in environment variables, never in client-side code

  2. Implement role-based access control for the X402 platform

  3. Create separate API keys with minimal permissions for automation tasks

  4. Regularly rotate API keys, especially for production environments

Browser Session Isolation

The X402 platform ensures browser session isolation for security:

  1. Each task runs in an isolated browser context

  2. Browser data is encrypted when stored

  3. Tasks can only access authorized domains and operations

  4. Session recordings are securely stored and access-controlled

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Task Creation Failures

Problem: Tasks fail to create or start Solution:

  • Verify API keys are correctly configured

  • Check for quota limits on BrowserUse/Browserbase

  • Ensure task instructions are clear and specific

AI Model Errors

Problem: AI model returns errors or unexpected responses Solution:

  • Try a different AI model (e.g., switch from GPT-4o to Claude)

  • Break complex tasks into smaller, more specific steps

  • Check for rate limiting or quota issues with the AI provider

Solana Transaction Failures

Problem: Automated Solana transactions fail to complete Solution:

  • Verify sufficient SOL for transaction fees

  • Check for RPC node issues or network congestion

  • Ensure the correct wallet is connected in the browser session

  • Verify transaction parameters are within allowable ranges

WebSocket Connection Issues

Problem: Live streaming of browser sessions fails Solution:

  • Check network connectivity and firewall settings

  • Verify WebSocket server is running and accessible

  • Try reducing the streaming quality for bandwidth-constrained environments

Logging and Debugging

The X402 platform includes comprehensive logging for troubleshooting:

javascript// Enable detailed logging for a taskconst createDebugTask = async (taskDescription) => {  const task = await createTask(taskDescription, {    logging: true, // Enable detailed logging    debug: true    // Save additional debug information  });    // Subscribe to debug events  const socket = io();  socket.emit('subscribeToDebugEvents', { taskId: task.id });    socket.on('debugEvent', (event) => {    console.log('Debug:', event);  });    return task;};

Contributing

Development Setup

To contribute to the X402 Browser Automation Agent:

  1. Fork the repository

  2. Create a dedicated development environment:

    bashgit clone https://github.com/your-username/x402-browser-automation-agent.gitcd x402-browser-automation-agentnpm installcd client && npm install && cd ..

  3. Create a .env.development file with your test API keys

  4. Start the development server:

    bashnpm run dev-full

Coding Standards

  • Follow the established code style using ESLint and Prettier

  • Write thorough tests for new features

  • Document your code with JSDoc comments

  • Create comprehensive documentation for user-facing features

Testing

Run the test suite before submitting pull requests:

bashnpm run testnpm run test:integration # For integration tests

API Reference

BrowserUse Task API

AI Analysis API

WebSocket Events

This GitBook documents the X402 Browser Automation Agent for Solana, a sophisticated system combining AI, browser automation, and blockchain technology to enable powerful, reliable automation of Solana ecosystem interactions.

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